Recombinant Human Somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2)-VLPs (Active)

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Code CSB-MP022725HU
Size $570
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  • CSB-MP022725HU is detected by Mouse anti-6*His monoclonal antibody.
  • Activity
    Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human SSTR2 at 10 μg/ml can bind Anti-SSTR2 recombinant antibody (CSB-RA022725MA01HU), the EC50 is 58.13-81.28 ng/mL. Biological Activity Assay
  • The presence of VLP-like structures was confirmed by TEM
  • Blocking experiment on Anti-SSTR2 antibody (CSB-RA022725MA01HU) between Human SSTR2-VLPs protein and CT26/Human SSTR2 Stable Cells (CSB-SC022725HU) by Flow cytometry. Biological Activity Assay
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Product Details

Endotoxin
Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method.
Activity
①Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human SSTR2 at 10 μg/mL can bind Anti-SSTR2 recombinant antibody (CSB-RA022725MA01HU), the EC50 is 58.13-81.28 ng/mL.②Blocking experiment on Anti-SSTR2 antibody (CSB-RA022725MA01HU) between Human SSTR2-VLPs protein and CT26/Human SSTR2 Stable Cells (CSB-SC022725HU) by Flow cytometry.
Target Names
SSTR2
Uniprot No.
Alternative Names
(SS-2-R)(SS2-R)(SS2R)(SRIF-1)
Molecular Characterization
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Source
Mammalian cell
Expression Region
1-369aa
Target Protein Sequence
MDMADEPLNGSHTWLSIPFDLNGSVVSTNTSNQTEPYYDLTSNAVLTFIYFVVCIIGLCGNTLVIYVILRYAKMKTITNIYILNLAIADELFMLGLPFLAMQVALVHWPFGKAICRVVMTVDGINQFTSIFCLTVMSIDRYLAVVHPIKSAKWRRPRTAKMITMAVWGVSLLVILPIMIYAGLRSNQWGRSSCTINWPGESGAWYTGFIIYTFILGFLVPLTIICLCYLFIIIKVKSSGIRVGSSKRKKSEKKVTRMVSIVVAVFIFCWLPFYIFNVSSVSMAISPTPALKGMFDFVVVLTYANSCANPILYAFLSDNFKKSFQNVLCLVKVSGTDDGERSDSKQDKSRLNETTETQRTLLNGDLQTSI
Mol. Weight
42.5 kDa
Protein Length
Full Length
Tag Info
C-terminal 6xHis-tagged (This tag can be tested only under denaturing conditions)
Form
Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered PBS, 6% Trehalose, pH 7.4
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Troubleshooting and FAQs
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 3-7 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet & COA
Please contact us to get it.
Description

This Human SSTR2 recombinant protein was produced in mammalian cell, where the gene sequence encoding Human SSTR2 (1-369aa) was expressed with the C-terminal 6xHis tag. The activity of this recombinant protein was measured in a functional ELISA. In addition, this recombinant human SSTR2 protein was developed through the Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) Platform. It is a seven-pass transmembrane protein.

SSTR2 (Somatostatin receptor 2) is a subtype of the SSTR family, which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. SSTR2 is mainly involved in the regulation of various neuroendocrine processes, which can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis, and is an important target of neuroendocrine tumors. Most neuroendocrine tumors and their metastases express more SSTR than normal tissues. SSTR messenger RNA isoforms are widely expressed in neuroendocrine tumors, and their distribution is unnecessarily linked to the expression of SSTR isoforms. SSTR subtypes display a specific subcellular localization in human SS receptor-positive tumors. Most tumors with amine precursor absorption and decarboxylation characteristics and tumors with neuroendocrine characteristics have a large number of SSTR subtypes, but SSTR2 is the most expressed. Most human endocrine gland tumors, such as gastrinomas, glucagonomas, vasodilatory intestinal peptide tumors, and nonfunctional islet cell tumors, express SSTR2.

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Target Background

Function
Receptor for somatostatin-14 and -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. In addition it stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and PLC via pertussis toxin insensitive as well as sensitive G proteins. Inhibits calcium entry by suppressing voltage-dependent calcium channels. Acts as the functionally dominant somatostatin receptor in pancreatic alpha- and beta-cells where it mediates the inhibitory effect of somatostatin-14 on hormone secretion. Inhibits cell growth through enhancement of MAPK1 and MAPK2 phosphorylation and subsequent up-regulation of CDKN1B. Stimulates neuronal migration and axon outgrowth and may participate in neuron development and maturation during brain development. Mediates negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling through PTPN6. Inactivates SSTR3 receptor function following heterodimerization.
Gene References into Functions
  1. SSTR2A expression is infrequent in astrocytomas and negative in the majority of glioblastomas where it is of no prognostic significance. In contrast, oligodendrogliomas show intense membranous and cytoplasmic SSTR2A expression. PMID: 28467778
  2. The results of this study showed the SSTR2 expression was lower in patients pretreated with LA-SSA/PEGV compared to the drug-naive acromegalic patients. PMID: 27455094
  3. IHC of SSTR subtypes in the different cohorts showed SSTR2 staining intensity scores higher than SSTR5 in TSHoma, acromegaly and prolactinoma, whereas the expression of SSTR5 was stronger than SSTR2 in corticotropinoma and NFPA. PMID: 28434012
  4. SSTR2 was significantly hypermethylated in colorectal cancer tissues when compared with adjacent normal colorectal tissues. PMID: 28782576
  5. This study investigated the presence of progenitor/stem cells in non-functioning pituitary tumors (NFPTs) and tested the efficacy of dopamine receptor type 2 (DRD2) and somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2) agonists to inhibit in vitro proliferation PMID: 28120505
  6. expression of MDM2, somatostatin receptor 2A, and PD-L1 in follicular dendritic cell sarcoma PMID: 27402219
  7. Combination treatment increased both SSTR2 and SSTR5 mRNA and protein levels in DU-145 cells. The data suggest that this combination therapy may be a good candidate for patients with advanced metastatic Prostate cancer (PCa) do not respond to androgen deprivation. PMID: 26531719
  8. although the limited number of cases with adequate term follow-up, SSTR-2A expression could be a prognostic factor and somatostatin analogs therapeutic candidate for SmCCs of the bladder as these tumors show high percentage of SSTR-2A expression PMID: 25906124
  9. SSTR2 expression was tested in GH-secreting adenomas from 60 patients with acromegaly who had undergone pituitary surgery, 36 of whom had received octreotide with varying levels of response. Its expression was not correlated with baseline or post-octreotide GH or IGF-1 levels or tumor volume. PMID: 25008035
  10. Filamin-A is required to mediate SSTR2 effects in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours PMID: 26733502
  11. SSTR2 promoter hypermethylation might be associated with the risk and progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in males. PMID: 26796520
  12. VPA was observed to stimulate the expression of somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2). PMID: 26211366
  13. Results show that histological subtyping of pituitary tumor correlated with SSTR2, E cadherin and p27kip protein levels and these may serve as useful biomarkers for prognosis. PMID: 26391562
  14. there is an elevation in CXCR4 and a decrease in SSTR2A expression with increasing malignancy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms PMID: 26259237
  15. mir-185 regulates the expression of SSTR2 in GH-secreting pituitary adenoma. The staining intensity of SSTR2 is stronger in adenoma samples than controls. PMID: 26036598
  16. Data indicate that somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) and immunohistochemical results for somatostatin and dopamine receptors sstr2, sstr3, sstr5 and D2R were compared in neuroendocrine neoplasms tissues. PMID: 25808161
  17. CD56 marker is a useful alternative that is comparable to SSTR2A for the diagnosis of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors. PMID: 26339384
  18. The number of SSTR-2-expressing cells was significantly smaller in the patients with Crohn's disease than that in those with the unchanged mucosa and in those with indeterminate (unclassified) colitis. PMID: 26978232
  19. In pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, the primary tumor and metastases differ significantly in their SSTR2A expression. PMID: 25872131
  20. Study demonstrates the first evidence of SST2R expression and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy positivity in pancreatic serous cystadenomas. PMID: 25872132
  21. Somatostatin receptors were expressed in a high proportion of merkel cell carcinomas, although expression was heterogeneous between tumours and was not associated with disease severity. PMID: 25765179
  22. SSTR2 gene expression was dysregulated in the anterior cingulate of bipolar patients. PMID: 26238605
  23. Low SSTR2 expression is associated with pancreatic cancer. PMID: 25890201
  24. e hSSTr2 gene can act as not only a reporter gene for in vivo imaging, but also a therapeutic gene for local radionuclide therapy. PMID: 25879040
  25. Somatostatin type 2 receptor, a clinically crucial molecular target, shows variable and unpredictable expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms irrespective of tumor grade. PMID: 25591947
  26. This study indicated that SSTR2 may be associated with the selective vulnerability of the noradrenergic system in Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 25676386
  27. sST2 is proposed as a biomarker for progressive vascular fibrosis, and the involvement of sST2 in the pathogenesis of limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis may be exploited therapeutically. PMID: 26095613
  28. The expression of VEGF and SSTR2 were associated with progression and prognosis of gastric cancer. PMID: 26158180
  29. SSTR2 and SSTR5 protein levels were induced as compared to any agent alone. PMID: 25925002
  30. SSTR 5 was shown to be the main receptor subtype in the analysed differentiated or anaplastic thyroid malignancies, whereas SSTR 2 was found only in a small percentage. PMID: 24967740
  31. SSTR2A and SSTR3 are more likely to be expressed in SDH-deficient pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas compared with tumors demonstrating normal SDHB staining pattern. PMID: 25554089
  32. Relationships between SSTR2A and breast or prostate cancer showed low concordance between CpGs methylation grade and cancer. PMID: 25635370
  33. SSTR2 expression seems an important factor in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer PMID: 25010045
  34. agonist-selective sst2 receptor internalization is regulated by multi-site phosphorylation of its carboxyl-terminal tail. PMID: 24565897
  35. Filamin A is involved in SST2 stabilization and signaling in tumoral somatotrophs, playing both a structural and functional role. PMID: 24828612
  36. SSTR2 is overexpressed in gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors PMID: 24565507
  37. We genotyped two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of importance for respiratory control: P2RY1 (adenosine diphosphate/adenosine triphosphate receptor) and SSTR2 (somatostatin receptor). PMID: 23828624
  38. ZAC1 and SSTR2 are down-regulated in non-functioning pituitary adenomas but not in somatotropinomas. PMID: 24098585
  39. Whereas sst2 receptors might play a primary role in the differentiation and regulation of TSH, LH, and FSH cells, sst5 receptors appear to be mainly involved in GH regulation from birth onward PMID: 24189142
  40. The analyses of this study demonstrated specific upregulation of sst 2 mRNA in medulloblastoma PMID: 23677175
  41. We studied the expression of SSTR(2A) and SSTR(5) with new procedures in 108 pituitary tumors PMID: 24182563
  42. Somatostatin receptor-2 positivity, either focal or diffuse, does not seem to predict prognosis in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. PMID: 23794313
  43. Because of its diffuse strong expression and widespread availability, immunohistochemistry for SSTR2A is useful to confirm the diagnosis of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors in an appropriate setting particularly if material is limited. PMID: 24060005
  44. mRNA levels of SSTR2a, SSTR3 and SSTR5 in neuroendocrine lung cancer affected patients, were determined. PMID: 21503779
  45. Low somatostatin receptor subtype 2, but not dopamine receptor subtype 2 expression is associated with the lack of biochemical response of somatotropinomas to treatment with somatostatin analogs PMID: 22472799
  46. Results suggest that targeting adenoviral vectors to sstr2A could provide a new strategy for the efficient transfer of genes to glioblastoma cells. PMID: 22592599
  47. Report down-regulation of SSTR-2 expression in operable hepatocellular carcinomas. PMID: 22640914
  48. Data suggest that somatostatin-14 inhibits secretion from alpha and beta pancreatic cells by activating GIRK (G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channel) and inhibiting exocytosis; these effects are mediated by SSTR2 in both cell types. PMID: 22932785
  49. Mean cortical SSTR2 mRNA levels were significantly (19%) lower in the subjects with schizophrenia compared to controls. PMID: 21215273
  50. Data show that the aspartic acid changes at position 89 to either Ala, Leu, or Arg generated mutant somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) with varying expression profiles and a complete inability to bind somatostatin-14 (SST). PMID: 22495673

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Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cytoplasm. Note=Located mainly at the cell surface under basal conditions. Agonist stimulation results in internalization to the cytoplasm.
Protein Families
G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in both pancreatic alpha- and beta-cells (at protein level). Expressed at higher levels in the pancreas than other somatostatin receptors. Also expressed in the cerebrum and kidney and, in lesser amounts, in the jejunum, colon and liver. In the
Database Links

HGNC: 11331

OMIM: 182452

KEGG: hsa:6752

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000350198

UniGene: Hs.514451

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